Dust collector



June 23, 1925.

F. E. FINCH DUST COLLECTOR Filed May 9, 1921 Maw ATTORNEY type referred to.

Patented June 23, 1925.

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Application filed Kay 9,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS E. F INCH, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of NewfYork and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dust Collectors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.-

This invention relates to apparatus for mechanically separating solid content from gaseous material and with respect to its more specific features to dust collectors adapted to be associated'with dryers, more particularly dryers in which the heating medium comprises products of combustion coming fromafurnace.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of a practical dust collectorof the Another object of the invention is the provision of a dust collector of the kind referred to which is simple inoperation and comparatively inexpensive to make.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dust collector capable of adjustment to control the pressure and velocity of the gas treated in order most efficiently to accommodate various materials.

j A further-object of the invention is to rovide a device of the character described aving features of structural superiority and orally cylindrical shape.

functional advantage. v

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter in connection with the following description of' the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention and in which,

Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved dust collector;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section of the outlet flue at another position.

. Referring now more specifically to the drawings, the collector includes an upright receiving chamber 1, which may be of gen- It has an inlet opening 2 in its side wall through which enter currents of the gases which are to be freed of their solid content. These gases may come from a dryer through the pipe 3 and may enter the chamber 1 in a tangential 1921. Serial 1T0. 488,092.

direction as illustrated. A portion of the receiving chamber, in the present instance the lower portion, is made funnel-shaped as indicated at 4, the lower end having a restricted outlet or port 5 for the removal of the separated solid material. On entering the receiving chamber the pressure and velocity of the gases are reduced by reason of the increased volumetric dimension of the chamber relative to pipe 3. Extending into the receiving chamber. 1 and depending therein is a vertical exit, or outlet, flue 7, open at its lower. end so as to communicate with the receiving chamber. In the illustrated embodiment the outlet flue 7 is cylindrical in cross-section and concentric with the wall of the receiving chamber, so as to provide an annular passageway around the flue in which the current of gas may circulate. At its upper part the receiving chamber 1 is closed by a cover 6, and the flue 7 is stationarily supported centrally of the cover and opens through the cover for the exit of- I the gases.

Means are provided to dampen or obstruct entry of the gases to the flue at that end of the latter inslde' the receiving chamber. In the present embodiment this means includes a baflle 8 adjacent the entrance to the flue 7, and the construction of the baflle is such as to cooperate with the wall of the flue 7 to provide an annular passageway between the two and thereby cause the current of gas to enter the flue as an annular current. In the embodiment illustrated the baflle 8 is conical, the axis of the cone being coincident with the longitudinal axis of the flue 7, the apex of the cone pointing through the flue. Thus the surface of the'cone rovides an inclined surface from which SOlld particles tend to gravitate for eventual discharge through the outlet opening 5. In order that the crosssection of the annular passageway to the flue 7 may be varied more or less the position of the cone 8 relative to the entrance end of the flue 7 may be varied. To this end, the base of the cone is connected at one or more points to hangers 9. Four hangers are illustrated and comprise bars which extend through slots in the cover 6 alongside the flue 7, the bars being secured in one or another elevated position by pins 10 adapted to engage one or more of the pin openings 11 in'the hangers 9, these. pins also passing through the upper end of the flue 7 and the upstanding flange of the cover 6. By removing the pins 10 the hangers 9 may be raised or lowered soas to adjust the position of the conical baflle 8 axially of the flue.

It will be observed that the outer surface of the cone 8 cooperates with the circular wall of the flue 7 to form an annular passageway which progressively increases in cross-section axially of the flue near the entrance end so that the gases entering the flue, which have slowed down in the receiving chamber, are given an opportunity for gradual progressive expansion in the flue with the result that their velocity and pressure are progressively decreased as they pass through the inner end of the flue. Furthermore the cone itself, especially on that surface facing downwardly obstructs and re tards direct entry of gases into the flue and solid particles impinging on such surface tend to drop therefrom into the funnel 4 or even directly through the discharge opening 5. In the presentembodiment the cone 8 is hollow, the inner surface providing steep or inclined walls from which solid material readily gravitates.

In the present embodiment the flue 7 is divided into a plurality of vertical longitudinally extending passageways by the provision of a baflle 12. This baffle, or diaphragm 12, is substantially coextensive with the longitudinal dimension of the flue 7 and extends diametrically across this flue, being a solid plate or one or more contacting plates fixed in position in the flue. In order a ,to permit entry of the cone 8 for a substanof soot, dust, etc., entrained tial distance within the entry end of the flue 7 the diaphragm 12 is cut away at its lower edge as indicated at 13 providing an angular recess for reception of the upper portion of the cone and defining the uppermost adjusted position of the cone.

The operation of the device will now be clear. The gases to be cleaned and freed of particles of dust, soot, etc. are directed through the aperture 2 from the inlet pipe 3 which latter may come from a drier.

' The current may be established by a suitable pow-er operated fan. The gases enter the cylindricalchamber 1, the axis of which is vertical, tangentially and pass around the cylindrical outlet flue 7, which centrally depends in the chamber and with the wall of the chamber provides an annular space. The chamber 1 is of increased volume relative to the delivery pipe 3, so that the gases will expand in the receiving chamber and their velocity will also be reduced. In consequence of their reduced velocity and the relatively long path in chamber 1, particles with the gas, are permitted to settle into the hopper part 4, or through discharge opening 5. From the receiving chamber the gases enter the flue 7 by way of the annular port formed between the outervconical portion or surface of the cone 8 and the edge of the entry end of the flue 7. It will be observed that the base 15 of the cone is below this edge in the present embodiment, so that adjustment of the cone longitudinally of the flue 7 varies the area of the annular port referred to. Some of the solid particles in the gas may impinge on the inner surface of the cone and fall into funnel 4. The cone points through the flue 7 toward the outlet of such flue, and its outer conical surface cooperates with the circular wall of flue 7 to form a passageway of progressively increasing cross-section 1n the direction the gases move so that gradual expansion of the gases in this part of the flue 7 is effected, with the result that then pressure and velocity in the flue are reduced, facilitating the settling of particles of soot, dust, etc. Particlessettling here may gravitate to the steep surface of the cone and in great measure, will gravitate from the cone into the hopper without building up on the cone with consequent possible choking of the flue. For further arrest of particles and reduction of velocity of the gases the diaphragm 12 is disposed in the flue 7 in the path of any transverse currents, as for instance due to whirling or circumferentially moving gases in flue 7. Such currents are practically eliminated by so placing the diaphragm 12 as to divide the flue into a plurality of separate passageways, as illustrated.

By the described construction the soot, dust, etc. entrained in the gases settles therefrom and either falls through the opening 5 or may be readily drawn therefrom. When the opening 5 is uncovered some of the impelled gas may drift out this opening and carry the soot, dust, etc., therewith. The parts and gas ports are so proportioned as to receive a forced current of gas and to al- "low sufficient expansion so that the gas will circulate around and out through the exit flue, allowing the heavy particles of material to be arrested and fall into the funnel or out through the opening 5. It has been found that the structure shown operates with a high degree of efliciency to separate various kinds of solid material from the drying gas even where a considerable percentage of moisture is present.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It isalso to be understood that the lan; guage used in the following claims is inclaim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue for said chamber, means co-operative with said flue'to cause gradual and progressive expansion of gas in said flue, and abaflle in said flue in the path of transverse currents therein.

2. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue for said chamber, means co-operative with said flue to cause gradual and progressive expansion of gas in said flue, and a baflie in said flue in the path of transverse currents therein, and dividing the flue into a plurality of separate passageways.

3. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue for said chamber, means co-operative with said flue to cause gradual expansion of gas in said flue including a generally conical baflie pointing through the flue toward the outlet thereof, and a baflie in said flue in the path of transverse currents therein.

4. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue for said chamber, means co-operative with said flue to cause gradual expansion of gas in said flue including a generally conical baflle pointing through the flue toward the outlet thereof, and a baflie in said flue in the at-h of transverse currents therein and dividing the flue into a plurality of separate passageways. I

5. I11 a device of the character described, in cou'ibination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue for said chamber, means co-operative with said flue to cause gradual expansion of gas in said flue including a generally conical baflle pointing through the flue toward the outlet thereof, a baflie in said flue in the path of transverse currents therein and dividing the flue into a plurality of separate passageways, and means adapted to adjust the position of said generally conical baflie relative to the flue longitudinally of the flue.

(S. In a device of the character described, a chamber, an inlet pipe adapted to conduct dust-laden" gas to said chamber at relatively high velocity, an outlet flue for the gas and means witlnn the chamber and cooperating with the flue to gradually and progressively decrease the velocity of the gas from a maximum in the inlet pipe to a minimum in the outlet pipe and means to receive the dust precipitated from the gas due to the decreasing velocity thereof. a

7. In a device of the character described,

in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue therefor centrally dependmg therein,

a'generally conical bafile at the entry end of said flue pointing through the flue toward the outlet end thereof, and a diaphragm dividing said flue into a plurality of longitudinal passageways.

8. In a device of the character described, in combinationya receiving chamber, an outlet flue therefor centrally depending therein, a generally conical baflle at the entry end of said flue pointing through the flue toward the outlet end thereof, and a diaphragm dividing said flue into a plurality of longitudinal passageways, said diaphragm hava recess for reception of the end of said in combination, a cylindrical receiving chamber with its axis vertically disposed, a cylindrical outlet flue for said chamber centrally depending therein, a cone pointing through said flue toward the outlet end thereof, the base of said cone being below the lower edge of said flue, a diaphragm across said flue dividing the same into a plurality of longitudinal passage ways, the lower end of said diaphragm having a recess for reception of said cone, cone hangers outside said flue adjustable longitudinally 9. In a device of the character described, I

the entrance to said flue from said chamber said bafile being adjustableto alter the degree of obstruction and means for feeding gas to be cleaned into said chamber around said flue. I

11. In a device of the character described, in combination, a generally cylindrical chamber having an inlet opening in its side wall and carrying a funnel shaped member having a restricted discharge outlet for liquid and solid material, a cylindrical outlet flue communicating with and extending axially within said chamber, a fixed plate transversely arranged to divide said flue into a plurality of passageways, a conical baflie adapted to obstruct the entrances to said passageways from said chamber, said bafl'le being adjustable to alter the degree of obstruction and means for projecting gas to be cleaned through said inlet opening tangentially into said chamber around said flue. 12. In a device of the character described, a chamber, an inlet pipe to conduct dustladen gas to said chamber at relatively high velocity, an outlet flue for the gas, means within the chamber and cooperating with the flue to continuously and progressively decrease the velocity of the gas from a maximum in the inlet pipe to a minimum in the outlet pipe, and a discharge opening for the dust precipitated from the gas due to the decreasing velocity thereof.

13. In a device of the character described, a chamber, an inlet pipe to conduct dustladen gas to said chamber at relatively high velocity, an outlet flue for the gas, means within the chamber and cooperating with the flue to gradually and progressively decrease the velocity of the gas from a maximum in the inlet pipe to a minimum in the outletpipe, and means to receive the dust precipitated from the gas due to the decreasing velocity thereof, said velocity decreasing means including an enlargin outlet leading from the chamber to the'out et flue.

14. In a device of the character described, a chamber, an inlet pipe to conduct dustladen gas to said chamber at relatively high velocity, anoutlet flue for the gas, means within the chamber and cooperating with the flue to gradually and progressively decrease the velocity of the gas from a maximum in the inlet pipe to a minimum in the outlet pipe, and means to receive the dust precipitated from the gas due to the decreasing velocity thereof, said velocity decreasing means including an adjustable enlarging outlet leading from the chamber to the outlet flue. v 15. In a device of the character described, a chamber, an inlet pipe to conduct dustladen gas to said chamber at relatively high velocity, an outlet flue for the gas, means within the chamber to gradually and progressively decrease the velocity of the gas from a maximum in the inlet pipe to a minimum in the outlet pipe, and means to receive the dust precipitated from the gas due to the decreasing velocity thereof, said velocity decreasing means including an enlarging outlet leading from the chamber to the outlet flue, and means to reduce the transverse currents in the flue.

16. In a device of the character described, a chamber, an inlet pipe to conduct dustladen gas to said chamber at relatively high velocity, an outlet flue for the gas, means within the chamber to gradually and progressively decrease the velocity of the gas from a maximum 1n the inlet pipe to a minimum in the outlet pipe, and means to receive the dust precipitated from the gas due to the decreasing velocity thereof, said velocity decreasing means including a con-.

ica-l bafiie forming with the walls of the flue an enlarging outlet leading into said flue, and

means to reduce the velocity of the gas in in the direction of flow, ad-

in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue for said chamber, means including a plate extending from side to side of said flue dividing the flue into longitudinal passageways, and means for controlling the flow of gas to said passageways including a conical valve, with its apex pointing in the direction of flow, adjustable longitudinally of said flue, said dividing means being disposed in thepath of said valve.

19. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber,'an outlet flue for said chamber, means extending from side to'side of said flue, dividingthe flue into longitudinal passageways, including a longitudinally extending plate disposed centrally of said flue, and means for controlling the flow of gas to said passage- Ways including a conical valve, with its apex pointing in the direction of flow, adjustable longitudinally of said flue, said plate having a recess for reception of the apex of said valve.

20. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber, an outlet flue therefor, a baflie adapted to cause the gas to enter said flue in an annular current, and means within said flue for preventing a whirling and eo-axial flow of gas therewithin.

21. In a device'of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber having a tangential inlet and an axial outlet, and

an imperforate conical baflie adjustable toward and from the end of the outlet having its base spaced from the outlet, and extending at its apex into the outlet, to provide a gradual and progressive decrease in the velocity of the gas in the outlet.

22. In a device of the character described, in combination, a receiving chamber having a hopper bottom, a tangential inlet and an axial outlet, andan imperforate conical baffle adjustable vertically in the outlet to vary the capacity thereof.

In testimony whereof 'I affix my signature, in the presence of'two witnesses.

FRANCIS E. FINCH.

\Vitnesscs J. W. Artnnnson, M. A. CAsHIn. 

